Deep_Copy.py

import pandas as pd

gene_count = pd.DataFrame({'Gene_1': [25, 90], 'Gene_2': [22, 99]})
gene_count_deep_copy = gene_count.copy() # Deep copy by default

gene_count_deep_copy['Gene_1'][0] = 7  
print(gene_count_deep_copy)
print(gene_count) # Original remains unchanged

gene_count_shallow_copy = gene_count # Shallow copy
gene_count_shallow_copy['Gene_1'][0] = 7  
print(gene_count_shallow_copy)
print(gene_count) # Original remains CHANGED!

###
region_count = pd.DataFrame({'Region_1': [[5, 10], [8, 6]]})
region_count_deep_copy = region_count.copy() 

region_count_deep_copy['Region_1'][0].append(8)  # Modify the list in the copy
print(region_count_deep_copy['Region_1'][0])
print(region_count['Region_1'][0]) # Original is also CHANGED!