diff --git a/src/Rules/Properties/ReadOnlyPropertyIndirectModificationRule.php b/src/Rules/Properties/ReadOnlyPropertyIndirectModificationRule.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e52c8ebf6a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Rules/Properties/ReadOnlyPropertyIndirectModificationRule.php
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace PHPStan\Rules\Properties;
+
+use ArrayAccess;
+use PhpParser\Node;
+use PhpParser\Node\Expr;
+use PhpParser\Node\Expr\ArrayDimFetch;
+use PhpParser\Node\Expr\PropertyFetch;
+use PhpParser\Node\Expr\StaticPropertyFetch;
+use PHPStan\Analyser\Scope;
+use PHPStan\DependencyInjection\RegisteredRule;
+use PHPStan\Node\PropertyAssignNode;
+use PHPStan\Rules\Rule;
+use PHPStan\Rules\IdentifierRuleError;
+use PHPStan\Rules\RuleErrorBuilder;
+use PHPStan\Type\ObjectType;
+use function sprintf;
+
+/**
+ * @implements Rule<PropertyAssignNode>
+ */
+#[RegisteredRule(level: 3)]
+final class ReadOnlyPropertyIndirectModificationRule implements Rule
+{
+
+	public function __construct(
+		private PropertyReflectionFinder $propertyReflectionFinder,
+	)
+	{
+	}
+
+	public function getNodeType(): string
+	{
+		return PropertyAssignNode::class;
+	}
+
+	public function processNode(Node $node, Scope $scope): array
+	{
+		$propertyFetch = $node->getPropertyFetch();
+		if (!$propertyFetch instanceof PropertyFetch) {
+			return [];
+		}
+
+		return $this->checkVarChain($propertyFetch->var, $scope);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @return list<IdentifierRuleError>
+	 */
+	private function checkVarChain(Expr $expr, Scope $scope): array
+	{
+		$errors = [];
+
+		while (true) {
+			if ($expr instanceof ArrayDimFetch) {
+				while ($expr instanceof ArrayDimFetch) {
+					$expr = $expr->var;
+				}
+
+				if ($expr instanceof PropertyFetch && $expr->name instanceof Node\Identifier) {
+					$propertyType = $scope->getType($expr);
+					if (!(new ObjectType(ArrayAccess::class))->isSuperTypeOf($propertyType)->yes()) {
+						$reflections = $this->propertyReflectionFinder->findPropertyReflectionsFromNode($expr, $scope);
+						foreach ($reflections as $reflection) {
+							$nativeReflection = $reflection->getNativeReflection();
+							if ($nativeReflection === null) {
+								continue;
+							}
+							if ($nativeReflection->isReadOnly()) {
+								$declaringClass = $nativeReflection->getDeclaringClass();
+								$errors[] = RuleErrorBuilder::message(sprintf(
+									'Readonly property %s::$%s is indirectly modified.',
+									$declaringClass->getDisplayName(),
+									$reflection->getName(),
+								))
+									->line($expr->name->getStartLine())
+									->identifier('property.readOnlyIndirectModification')
+									->build();
+							} elseif ($nativeReflection->isReadOnlyByPhpDoc()) {
+								if ($nativeReflection->isAllowedPrivateMutation()) {
+									continue;
+								}
+								$declaringClass = $nativeReflection->getDeclaringClass();
+								$errors[] = RuleErrorBuilder::message(sprintf(
+									'@readonly property %s::$%s is indirectly modified.',
+									$declaringClass->getDisplayName(),
+									$reflection->getName(),
+								))
+									->line($expr->name->getStartLine())
+									->identifier('property.readOnlyByPhpDocIndirectModification')
+									->build();
+							}
+						}
+					}
+
+					$expr = $expr->var;
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				if ($expr instanceof StaticPropertyFetch) {
+					$expr = $expr->class instanceof Node\Name ? null : $expr->class;
+					if ($expr === null) {
+						break;
+					}
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if ($expr instanceof PropertyFetch) {
+				$expr = $expr->var;
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			break;
+		}
+
+		return $errors;
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Properties/ReadOnlyPropertyIndirectModificationRuleTest.php b/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Properties/ReadOnlyPropertyIndirectModificationRuleTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..514be8e7aa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Properties/ReadOnlyPropertyIndirectModificationRuleTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace PHPStan\Rules\Properties;
+
+use PHPStan\Rules\Rule;
+use PHPStan\Testing\RuleTestCase;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\RequiresPhp;
+
+/**
+ * @extends RuleTestCase<ReadOnlyPropertyIndirectModificationRule>
+ */
+class ReadOnlyPropertyIndirectModificationRuleTest extends RuleTestCase
+{
+
+	protected function getRule(): Rule
+	{
+		return new ReadOnlyPropertyIndirectModificationRule(
+			new PropertyReflectionFinder(),
+		);
+	}
+
+	#[RequiresPhp('>= 8.1.0')]
+	public function testBug14481(): void
+	{
+		$this->analyse([__DIR__ . '/data/bug-14481.php'], [
+			[
+				'Readonly property Bug14481\VehicleListFilterForModule::$carTypes is indirectly modified.',
+				28,
+			],
+			[
+				'Readonly property Bug14481\IndirectModificationOutsideConstructor::$items is indirectly modified.',
+				47,
+			],
+			[
+				'Readonly property Bug14481\DirectPropertyAssignThroughReadonlyArray::$items is indirectly modified.',
+				65,
+			],
+			[
+				'Readonly property Bug14481\NestedArrayDimFetch::$nested is indirectly modified.',
+				86,
+			],
+			[
+				'Readonly property Bug14481\IncrementThroughReadonlyArray::$items is indirectly modified.',
+				131,
+			],
+			[
+				'Readonly property Bug14481\DeeperChain::$wrappers is indirectly modified.',
+				165,
+			],
+			[
+				'@readonly property Bug14481\ReadonlyByPhpDocClass::$items is indirectly modified.',
+				195,
+			],
+			[
+				'@readonly property Bug14481\ReadonlyByPhpDocProperty::$items is indirectly modified.',
+				217,
+			],
+		]);
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Properties/data/bug-14481.php b/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Properties/data/bug-14481.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3285050017b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Properties/data/bug-14481.php
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+<?php // lint >= 8.1
+
+namespace Bug14481;
+
+class VehicleType {
+	/** @var array<int, string> */
+	public array $brand = [];
+}
+
+class Vehicle {
+	public int $id = 1;
+	public string $name = 'test';
+}
+
+final readonly class VehicleListFilterForModule
+{
+	/**
+	 * @var array<int, VehicleType>
+	 */
+	private array $carTypes;
+
+	/** @param array<int, VehicleType> $carTypes */
+	public function __construct(array $carTypes, Vehicle $vehicle, int $vehicleTyp)
+	{
+		$this->carTypes = $carTypes;
+
+		$this
+			->carTypes[$vehicleTyp]
+			->brand[$vehicle->id] = $vehicle->name;
+	}
+}
+
+class IndirectModificationOutsideConstructor
+{
+	public readonly array $items;
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array<int, VehicleType> $items
+	 */
+	public function __construct(array $items)
+	{
+		$this->items = $items;
+	}
+
+	public function doFoo(int $key): void
+	{
+		$this->items[$key]->brand[0] = 'test';
+	}
+}
+
+class DirectPropertyAssignThroughReadonlyArray
+{
+	public readonly array $items;
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array<int, VehicleType> $items
+	 */
+	public function __construct(array $items)
+	{
+		$this->items = $items;
+	}
+
+	public function doFoo(int $key): void
+	{
+		$this->items[$key]->brand = ['test'];
+	}
+}
+
+class NestedArrayDimFetch
+{
+	/**
+	 * @var array<int, array<int, VehicleType>>
+	 */
+	public readonly array $nested;
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array<int, array<int, VehicleType>> $nested
+	 */
+	public function __construct(array $nested)
+	{
+		$this->nested = $nested;
+	}
+
+	public function doFoo(int $key1, int $key2): void
+	{
+		$this->nested[$key1][$key2]->brand[0] = 'test';
+	}
+}
+
+class NonReadonlyIsOk
+{
+	/** @var array<int, VehicleType> */
+	public array $items = [];
+
+	public function doFoo(int $key): void
+	{
+		$this->items[$key]->brand[0] = 'test';
+	}
+}
+
+class ArrayAccessIsOk
+{
+	public readonly \ArrayObject $storage;
+
+	public function __construct()
+	{
+		$this->storage = new \ArrayObject();
+	}
+
+	public function doFoo(): void
+	{
+		$this->storage[0]->brand[0] = 'test';
+	}
+}
+
+class IncrementThroughReadonlyArray
+{
+	/** @var array<int, VehicleType> */
+	public readonly array $items;
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array<int, VehicleType> $items
+	 */
+	public function __construct(array $items)
+	{
+		$this->items = $items;
+	}
+
+	public function doFoo(int $key): void
+	{
+		$this->items[$key]->brand[0] .= 'suffix';
+	}
+}
+
+class ReadonlyObjectPropertyIsOk
+{
+	public readonly VehicleType $vehicle;
+
+	public function __construct(VehicleType $vehicle)
+	{
+		$this->vehicle = $vehicle;
+	}
+
+	public function doFoo(): void
+	{
+		$this->vehicle->brand[0] = 'test';
+	}
+}
+
+class DeeperChain
+{
+	/** @var array<int, Wrapper> */
+	public readonly array $wrappers;
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array<int, Wrapper> $wrappers
+	 */
+	public function __construct(array $wrappers)
+	{
+		$this->wrappers = $wrappers;
+	}
+
+	public function doFoo(int $key): void
+	{
+		$this->wrappers[$key]->vehicle->brand[0] = 'test';
+	}
+}
+
+class Wrapper
+{
+	public VehicleType $vehicle;
+
+	public function __construct(VehicleType $vehicle)
+	{
+		$this->vehicle = $vehicle;
+	}
+}
+
+/** @readonly */
+class ReadonlyByPhpDocClass
+{
+	/** @var array<int, VehicleType> */
+	public array $items;
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array<int, VehicleType> $items
+	 */
+	public function __construct(array $items)
+	{
+		$this->items = $items;
+	}
+
+	public function doFoo(int $key): void
+	{
+		$this->items[$key]->brand[0] = 'test';
+	}
+}
+
+class ReadonlyByPhpDocProperty
+{
+	/**
+	 * @readonly
+	 * @var array<int, VehicleType>
+	 */
+	public array $items;
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array<int, VehicleType> $items
+	 */
+	public function __construct(array $items)
+	{
+		$this->items = $items;
+	}
+
+	public function doFoo(int $key): void
+	{
+		$this->items[$key]->brand[0] = 'test';
+	}
+}